Ethical Fading An Ethical Judgment - 1205 Words

Ethical Fading:- Answer 1) Ethical fading is the failure to see that a condition requires an ethical judgment. In basic words, when an individual settled on choices and disregard the moral perspectives, it is known ethical fading. It alludes to a disintegration of the ethic principles of a business in which representatives get to be accustomed to participating in such conduct. The procedure of ethical fading in business where expanding returns is supported where augmenting returns is urged over reasonableness to kindred workers and customers. The outcome is that good and bad leave the window. (Guardian,18 jul.2011). Answer 2) One of the extensive truths about human intuition is that we encounter issues seeing our own specific moral†¦show more content†¦This settled on me lament on my choice that as opposed to squandering cash on him, I ought to attempted to put my efforts on group work. Answer 3) Recently, my friend purchased an iPad and iPod discounted. She was exceptionally glad she came to me to demonstrate that as she needed to offer that to her younger brother on his 10th birthday. She said she purchased this on 25% rebate. She purchased that from a neighbourhood shop near our home. When she let me know the value I was frustrated from her buy as I was already aware the business sector cost of that. I went to the shopkeeper to inquire as to why they charged her additional and said 25% rebate. He declined to clarify me and gave me a reason that owner of shop has been changed. Conflict of Interest:- Answer 1) Conflict of interest is a circumstance that can possibly undermine the fairness of a man on account of the likelihood of a conflict between the individual s self-interest and expert interest or open interest. For instance, I work in an restaurant as a bartender my colleague accidentally broke an expensive bottle of wine. He asked me not to inform manager regarding this, on that time I was in this circumstance. Answer 2) The most ideal approach to handle the irreconcilable circumstances is to keep away from it.The most ideal approach to manage clashes are, firstly distinguish the contentions by

Overview of Macbeth - 1746 Words

Not surprisingly, Macbeth has received volumes of critical commentary over the years. Not only is the play an audience favorite, but its complex characterization, deeply woven themes, and characteristic Shakespearean style make it rich ground for scholarly inquiry. Critics such as Harold Bloom have remarked on the importance of Macbeth in the context of Shakespeare s works. In Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human, Bloom writes, The rough magic in Macbeth is wholly Shakespeare s; he indulges his own imagination as never before, seeking to find its moral limits (if any). Bloom also remarks, Macbeth is an uncanny unity of setting, plot, and characters, fused together beyond comparison with any other play of Shakespeare s. †¦show more content†¦ As evidence, he notes how, although she is a strong character, Lady Macbeth is onstage very little; and readers do not have the chance to get to know other characters, such as Duncan, Malcolm, Banquo, and Macduff very well. Although the minor characters appear only briefly (usually because they are murdered) and their personas are not fully developed, readers and critics are drawn to them. Duncan, for example, is held up as an example of a good king in contrast to Macbeth s figure as a bad king. Van Doren remarks, Duncan was everything that Macbeth is not. We saw him briefly, but the brilliance of his contrast with the thane he trusted has kept his memory beautiful throughout a play whose every other feature has been hideous. Similarly, Lady Macduff and her son appear fleetingly, but their fate evokes the pity of the audience and rouses more indignation toward Macbeth. A substantial body of criticism addresses Lady Macbeth. Her importance in the play and her position as a dominant woman in Western literature have prompted lengthy discussion and character evaluation. Ribner juxtaposes Lady Macbeth with Banquo in her role in Macbeth s psychological makeup. He maintains that while Banquo represents the part of Macbeth s divided nature that would accept nature and reject evil, Lady Macbeth represents the otherShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Act 4 Scene 2 Of William Shakespeare s Macbeth922 Words   |  4 PagesBrilliance in the Making (Importance of Act 4, Scene 2 in Macbeth by William Shakespeare) Often times in plays there will be at least one scene in the play that is monumental. Usually there is something that happens or is explained in that particular scene that makes it so important. William Shakespeare is a genius at doing this sort of thing. he always has a scene in his plays that are huge to the play and play a very important role in the play. When he does it though, it never seems as if it isRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Shakespeare s Macbeth1383 Words   |  6 PagesCharacter Analysis of Macbeth One of Shakespeare’s most notable works is The Tragedy of Macbeth. The plot revolves around the consequences of the actions made by the character Macbeth. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of The Tragedy of Macbeth along with a detailed analysis of Macbeth the character, including his traits, motives, and his historical counterpart. Written in 1606, the opening scene of The Tragedy of Macbeth begins with a brief appearance of three witches who appearRead MoreMacbeth, Shakespeare and the Gunpowder Plot Essay1077 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare’s Macbeth. During the 15th century in England, a new era was upon the country as a whole. Macbeth reflects one very unique idea in England at the time known as equivocation. The Gunpowder plot was also directly alluded to in Macbeth several times. The play as a whole was written to please King James, and is even thought by some as a way for Shakespeare himself to avoid suspicion by those investigating The Gunpowder Plot. One of the most important things to know about the play Macbeth is thatRead MoreEssay on Shakespeare Alterations from the Original Macbeth851 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeare immortalized Macbeth and his life story in his famous play which goes by the very same name: Macbeth. Shakespeare used Holinsheds Chronicles by Raphael Holinshed as his primary source, the basis for the plot of the play. Shakespeare made a considerable number of alterations in the story line and form. In this essay, I will explore what changes Shakespeare made and for what reason. In Macbeth, a thane Macbeth hears a prophecy by three witches: he will be king. Macbeth decides to take helpRead MoreMacbeth by William Shakespeare857 Words   |  3 Pagesthe play Macbeth, the desire for Absolute power is the central compelling force for Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. They are dominated with a great yearning for gaining the ultimate power by becoming the King and Queen, and are willing to achieve it by whatever means necessary. Power corrupts their thoughts, behaviours and actions. They become greedy and selfish. As a result of this, they suffer the tragic fate of their own doings. Example of this corruption is first seen when Lady Macbeth decides thatRead MoreCritical Review of Macbeth by William Shakespeare1008 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Running Head: Macbeth Critical Review of Macbeth by William Shakespeare [Aijaz Ahmed Shaikh] [Karachi University] Critical Review of Macbeth by William Shakespeare Introduction Not only is Macbeth by far the shortest of William Shakespeare’s great tragedies, but it is also anomalous in some structural respects. Like Othello (1604) and only a very few other Shakespearean plays, Macbeth is without the complications of a subplot. (Bradley, 1905) Consequently, the action moves forward in aRead MoreAnalysis Of The Limerence Of Martha 1170 Words   |  5 Pagesbe used as comparisons. A few comparisons, from William Shakespeare, are Macbeth and Banquo in the play The Tragedy of Macbeth and Laertes, Claudius, and Fortinbras in the play Hamlet. In The Tragedy of Macbeth when the three witches are telling the fortune of Banquo the first witch says Lesser than Macbeth and greater, and the third says â€Å"Thou shalt get kings, though thou be none.† What they were inherently saying is Macbeth will become king, but will not have heirs to the throne, unlike BanquoRead MoreHow Do William Golding and Williams Shakespeare Present Disturbed Characters?1268 Wo rds   |  6 Pagesunthinkable actions. He conveys his views through the ever growing savage characters of Jack and Roger, whereas Shakespeare presents Lady Macbeth as a mentally disturbed character consumed with an obsession of becoming a part of the hierarchy within society. In the first chapter of Lord of the Flies Golding uses the Island as an allegorical object, presenting the general overview of society and civilisation. The Island can be represented as the Garden of Eden; an innate place of perfection to be undisturbedRead MoreWho Should You Trust?1543 Words   |  7 PagesTrust Issue in Macbeth â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair. Hover through the fog and filthy air.† (Page 323). This line is one of the most important ones from Macbeth. Macbeth is one the most popular plays by William Shakespeare. Moss and Wilson state, â€Å"Some details of William Shakespeare s life are still shrouded in uncertainty. What is known is that he rose to prominence as a playwright in London toward the end of the sixteenth century and that he died on April 23, 1616. He wrote Macbeth sometime betweenRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Sonnet 73902 Words   |  4 Pagesblack night doth take away†, black night is a metaphor for death itself. As the black night closes around day so does it close around the life of the poet. When â€Å"death s second self† is mentioned it relates to shakespeare s earlier work of Macbeth when Macbeth himself says sleep is â€Å"the death of each day s life†. This shows that shakespeare uses the common theme of death throughout his works. The third quatrain, filled with pathos and marvelous metaphors, evokes the image of fading coals in the

General Prologue Human Dishonesty, Stupidity and Essay Example For Students

General Prologue: Human Dishonesty, Stupidity and Essay VirtueIn the General Prologue, Chaucer presents an array of characters fromthe 1400s in order to paint portraits of human dishonesty and stupidity as wellas virtue. Out of these twenty-nine character portraits three of them areespecially interesting because they deal with charity. Charity during the1400s, was a virtue of both religious and human traits. One character, theParson, exemplifies Chaucers idea of charity, and two characters, Prioress, andFriar, to satirize the idea of charity and show that they are using charity foreither devious reasons or out of convention or habit. According to the definition from the Websters dictionary, charity meansgiving to the needy and helping the poor. In Chaucers time, however, charitymeant much more. It included a love of G-d and doing the will of G-d as well asthe kind of person one is. Thus Charity had two parts, one human, the otherdivine. Two parts that mixed in different portions depending on a person. Charity was a human virtue that the Church encouraged. People believed that ifone does something good, he will be rewarded by G-d. Many people did meaningful,charitable things out the goodness of their hearts, but others had done it forother reasons. Those reasons included making money from peoples suffering andgiving to charity because someone told them to do so, rather than from thegoodness of their hearts or to ease the suffering of others. Chaucer plays offboth of these parts of charity in his portraits to show how they can be combineddifferently in different people and to distinguish true charity from falsecharity. Parson exemplifies Chaucers idea of true charity. Even though Parsondoes not have any money, he considers himself rich spiritually. Going aroundthe village, he teaches the poor and those who cant go to church about what G-dis and how to be a religious person. He gives more than he receives. In fact,he avoids preaching to the rich and well-to-do because he prefers going to thehumble and poor, who truly need his help and G-d. He doesnt run to London toearn easy breadBy singing masses for the wealthy dead,Or find some Brotherhood and get enrolled. He stayed at home and watched over his foldSo that no wolf should make the sheep miscarry. (p.16)Parson is seen as an ideal priest, and his actions describe the real meaning ofwhat charity is. He is virtuous, Never contemptuous toward sinners, neverdisdainful, and discreet.(p.17) Getting people to Heaven is his main goal,not their money or his own advancement. Friar, on the other hand, uses charity for devious purposes. By gettinga license from the Pope, which lets him go around the country and hearconfessions, he uses this license to make money for himself. Also he runs anagency in which he fixes up young women with men for a fee. Unlike Parson, whogoes out of his way to help the poor, the Friar thinks thatnothing good can comeOf commerce with such slum-and-gutter dwellers,But only with the rich and victual-sellers. (p.9)By visiting only rich people, Friars primary purpose is to make money and notto give forgiveness for the sins as he is supposed to do. He is using hisposition for his own purposes under the disguise of charity, which in his caseis being greedy and being guilty of committing one of the seven sins. Without knowing it, Prioress uses charity as a convention. Since herfather does not have enough for a dowry, he is forced to send Prioress to anunnery. Prioress does not have much of a choice herself, since in the MiddleAges, women had little choice in their future, usually being married or becomingprostitutes. Because she grew up in a wealthy, not very religious family, shedoes not know the real meaning of being a nun and of what charity means beyondwhat the Church has told her. Because she is told that she has to follow acertain discipline, she complies with it without questioning the true meaning. .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960 , .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960 .postImageUrl , .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960 , .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960:hover , .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960:visited , .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960:active { border:0!important; } .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960:active , .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960 .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf4b9a926b58f97df5237f556a4259960:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Of Ambition EssayInstead of helping poor people, she helps animals by feeding them, simplybecause the Church said feed the needy. She had little dogs she would be feeding. With roasted flesh, or milk, or fine white bread. (p.7)The way she eats no morsel from her lips did she let fall(p.6), the way shedresses, Her cloak had a graceful charmwhence hung a golden brooch

Hydrocarbons Pollution in Environment

Question: Discuss the learning outcomes and literature review on hydrocarbons pollution in environment? Answer: Introduction There was a time when industries were limited and industrial production was limited. With huge population growth and industrialization, organizations have expanded into different parts of the world. This has definitely increased the overall levels of industrial production but it has also brought certain concerns for environmentalists and society. With time the hydrocarbons pollution in the environment has also increased (Nezu, 2010). There could be various factors for an increase in the hydrocarbons pollution. The most widespread factors among all is the rise of industrialization. It can be said that hydrocarbons pollution has adverse effect on living organisms and it is important that steps should be taken to reduce the levels of hydrocarbons pollution in the environment. There are three major stakeholders that shall work together in order to maintain the levels of hydrocarbon in the environment. These are industrialists, government and people of society. The government would have t o develop the policies and strategies to keep a check on the levels of hydrocarbons pollution in the environment (Kaushik, 2009). It is important that manufacturers and industrialists should develop an internal culture in the organization that demand a reduction in the levels of hydrocarbons pollution in the environment. The objective of this research paper is to analyze and discuss the factors responsible for hydrocarbons pollution in the environment. The research project would also discuss and highlight some of the solutions for this problem. This research proposal is developed to highlight the way research would be carried out for this project. The specifics objectives and research questions for this research can be highlighted as: Research Questions/ Research objectives To analyze and discuss the factors responsible for hydrocarbons pollution in the environment. To analyze and discuss some of the solutions to reduce the levels of hydrocarbons in the environment. To discuss and analyze the challenges in implementation of programs for reduction of hydrocarbons pollution in the environment Learning outcomes One of the most important learning objective is to learn about the ways hydrocarbons in the environmentare polluting the nature and environment. The learning objectives of this research proposal can be discussed as: The research proposal would help to discuss the various causes of hydrocarbons pollution in the environment. This research proposal would provide a platform to study the factors responsible for pollution. It would give an opportunity to have a 360-degree view of the problems surrounding the pollution levels. The research project would also give an opportunity to study the ways government is handling the issues. The study would help to analyze the roles of each of the stakeholders and the ways stakeholders have come together to overcome the issues of hydrocarbons pollution in the environment The research project would also give an opportunity to analyze the various solutions of the problem. It would help to gather the thought point of different stakeholders and it would help to design policies and solutions to this problem. Literature review (Chen Ouyang, 2011) highlighted that hydrocarbons pollution is an alarming problem and it is high time that all the stakeholders should come together to solve the problem. The hydrocarbons pollution in the environmenthave a slow impact but over the years, it would destroy the natural balance of the environment. The hydrocarbons pollution are not good for flora and fauna. In the article, authors have discussed the various reasons for an increase in the hydrocarbons pollution. It can be said that population explosion is one of the major reason for an increase in the levels of hydrocarbons. With an increase in the population level, the needs of people have increased and this has put a pressure on industries to produce more. There is only a limited amount of renewable energy in the environment and industries has to rely on non-renewable sources of energy to increase industrial output. Moreover, the cost of renewable sources of energy is high than the nonrenewable sources of energy. Ther efore, industries have continued to use non-renewable sources of energy and as a result, hydrocarbons pollution in the environment has increased. (Plaza Cameotra, 2011) discussed the factors behind hydrocarbons pollution in the environment. This problem is not a country specific problem but it is a global problem. Every country would want to grow and develop and manufacturing sector is the backbone of economy for any country. One of the side effects of development of manufacturing sector is increase in hydrocarbons pollution. It is important the government and industries should have a balance between development and pollution. However, the high use of hydrocarbons is inevitable for industrial growth and development. Moreover, developed nations like USA, Europe have already polluted the environment with high use of hydrocarbons and the emerging nations like China and India may not want to compromise on their development a lot due to hydrocarbons pollution. (Das Chandran, 2010) discussed some of the solutions to the problem of hydrocarbons pollution in the environment. It is important that renewable sources of energy should be pushed in order to reduce the pollution. The problem with renewable sources of energy is that it demands initial investment. This problem can be resolved if government is able to provide some subsidy or tax rebate to organizations who wish to use renewable sources of energy. The bottom line is that organizations should be encouraged to use renewable sources of energy. It would take some time to reach a stage where pollution level could be controlled. However, it is important that organization should look have a long-term vision. The technology can also play a role to control the levels of hydrocarbons pollution. It is important that organizations should invest in research and development activities. People also have a role to play to control the hydrocarbons pollution. It is important that society should support the companies that have good sustainable polices in place. All the stakeholders should join hands in order to ensure that sustainable development can happen. It would mean that society, industries and government should come together for a better and green future. Methodology This research work use a mixed method of research. The research work would be completed with both primary and secondary research. The primary research would help researcher to collect real time information from respondents. A survey would be developed to collect the data from respondents. There would be two types of surrey. One of the survey would be for corporate and employees of organizations. The second survey would be for common people in the society. Both the survey would have close-ended questions so that people can find it easy to answer the questions (Kellenberg, 2009). The questionnaire would be mailed to respondents and it is expected that respondents would mail back the survey with their answers. To complete the primary research a sample size of 200 people would be taken. Out of these 200 people, 100 would be employees and 100 would be from society. Once the data is collected, the next part in primary research would be to analyze the data. The data analysis would be done u sing simple tools like Microsoft Excel and SPSS. It is important to mention that that data collected from respondents may contain certain elements if biasness. It is important to filter the data and fill the missing values at the time of data analysis. The primary research would be both quantitative and qualitative in nature. The quantitative study would involve the data analysis of data collected form respondents. The qualitative study would include the study through focus group. There would be focus group interview that would help to get an understanding and perspective of different stakeholders. The group discussion would be done with management of employees, learned people in the society and government officials. Along with primary research, this research project would also focus on secondary research. The secondary research for this research project would be done on Internet and web. The online library would also act as a good source of information. It is important to mention that not all the sources of Internet can be trusted (Demerouti, 2013) . As a part of secondary research only peer reviews journals would be considered. The secondary research would help to gather an understanding of the previous research work in this area. The secondary research would start with primary research and would continue until the point primary research is done. The secondary research would be qualitative in nature. Timelines The expected timelines for this research work can be highlighted as: Phase Time Issue Identification and Background Research 2 weeks Problem formulation and Research objectives 2 weeks Primary Research (Data Collection, Data Analysis) 6 weeks Secondary research 6 weeks Data Reporting 2 weeks Report Generation, Conclusion and Presentation 2 weeks References Das, N., Chandran, P. (2010). Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants: an overview.Biotechnology research international,2011. DZurilla, T. J., Nezu, A. M. (2010). Problem-solving therapy.Handbook of cognitive-behavioral therapies,3, 197-225. Gil, Y., Deelman, E., Ellisman, M., Fahringer, T., Fox, G., Gannon, D., ... Myers, J. (2007). Examining the challenges of scientific workflows.Ieee computer,40(12), 26-34. Haritash, A. K., Kaushik, C. P. (2009). Biodegradation aspects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): a review.Journal of hazardous materials,169(1), 1-15. Kellenberg, D. K. (2009). An empirical investigation of the pollution haven effect with strategic environment and trade policy.Journal of international economics,78(2), 242-255. Pacwa-Pociniczak, M., Paza, G. A., Piotrowska-Seget, Z., Cameotra, S. S. (2011). Environmental applications of biosurfactants: recent advances.International journal of molecular sciences,12(1), 633-654. Peng, C., Chen, W., Liao, X., Wang, M., Ouyang, Z., Jiao, W., Bai, Y. (2011). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soils of Beijing: status, sources, distribution and potential risk.Environmental Pollution,159(3), 802-808. Jeppesen, L. B., Lakhani, K. R. (2010). Marginality and problem-solving effectiveness in broadcast search.Organization science,21(5), 1016-1033. Nelson, L. M. (2013). 4 Collaborative I Problem Solving.Instructional-design theories and models: A new paradigm of instructional theory,2, 241. Talke, K., Heidenreich, S. (2014). How to Overcome Pro Change Bias: Incorporating Passive and Active Innovation Resistance in Innovation Decision Models.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(5), 894-907. Van den Heuvel, M., Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Schaufeli, W. B. (2013). Adapting to change: The value of change information and meaning-making.Journal of Vocational Behavior,83(1), 11-21. Young, O. R., Berkhout, F., Gallopin, G. C., Janssen, M. A., Ostrom, E., van der Leeuw, S. (2006). The globalization of socio-ecological systems: an agenda for scientific research.Global Environmental Change,16(3), 304-316.

God In Government Essays - American Culture, American Nationalism

God in the Government Every time money is used it is seen. When in a courtroom it is seen or heard. When reciting the Pledge of Allegiance, it is said. What is it? It is God. The word God is apart of Americans lives. It is seen, heard, or said on a daily basis. Removing it would throw off Americans? lifestyles. On a poll recently conducted by MSNBC, only 19 percent of citizens want God removed from the government. The other 81 percent feel the word should remain. Beliefs about God in the government range from America not being a Christian based nation, to America being founded by those of religious basis and to God being the foundation of this thriving nation. For many, the removal of God from things like currency and the Pledge would be a good and helpful decision. America is not solely a Christian nation. God was not regularly apart of the American lives until 1954 when ?under God? was added to the Pledge of Allegiance. ?In God We Trust? was not added until 1956 meaning that God has not been the base or ?overseer? of America?s entire existence. God being apart of the government also violates the separation of church and state. This means that the government and legislature can not chose one specific religion or church for the entire nation to follow. The word also violates others religious beliefs. Some religions, such as Buddhism and Muslim, believe in other ?Gods? or do not believe in any whatsoever. To those people, the word God is rude and offensive, thus meaning that the word should be abolished from all items. On the other hand, other people would like God to stay in the picture. Many feel that removing God from the nation would be wrong and harmful. America has been its own country for 200 plus years and every one of those years God has been apart of. The whole idea of adding ?In God We Trust? originated in the 1800?s. A man wrote a letter to the Secretary of Treasury requesting that the idea be considered. The Secretary of Treasury at the time agreed to have it printed on the two cent coins and later gold and silver coins. Also, including God in courtrooms, the Pledge and on currency honors America?s history and historical background. It also honors the ?religious heritage? and those whom thought of the phrase. The people who formed America and thought out the rules did so on a biblical basis, thus meaning the nation?s values and morals are biblically based. ?In God We Trust? is America?s national motto. Removing the motto changes the very principals this country was founded on. The potential removal of God from the society can cause violent acts of rebelli on such as riots and protests. Therefore, the removal of God would be a poor decision. In a personal opinion, it would be an inadequate decision to eliminate God from the government. The religious beliefs of America go back several hundred years to the early 1600?s when pilgrims settled here in America. America was founded by men whom had a religious background and leaned on God in times of hardship. God is also not there to cause offense to anyone person. It is there as guidance. It is there so that the public can be thankful for what they have and know they are being protected. Saying ?In God We Trust? or one nation under God is, also, not geared towards one religion in general. ?God? could represent any God depending on personal religious beliefs. Also, if it was such an issue to have God as apart of America, then how come He is mentioned more than once in the Star Spangled Banner, the national anthem? Francis Scott Key included God for a reason: God is the strong point, heart and soul of this growing nation. Without him America can and will self-destruct. This desc ribed self destruction has already become visible. People care less about others and their opinions. Americans are becoming destructive and violent and this is more than likely because the society is slowly beginning to pull God out of things in greater quantities. Without his power and guidance, people fall

Suffolk University Admissions and Acceptance Rate

Suffolk University Admissions and Acceptance Rate With an acceptance rate of 84  percent, Suffolk University is largely accessible school. Students with solid grades and test scores within (or above) the ranges listed below have a good chance of being admitted each year. To apply, prospective students will need to submit an application, high school transcripts, letters of recommendation, and an essay/personal statement. If you have any questions about applying, be sure to contact the admissions office at Suffolk. Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) Suffolk University Acceptance Rate: 84 percentGPA, SAT and ACT Graph for Suffolk AdmissionsTest Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 450 / 560SAT Math: 460 / 560SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanACT Composite: 20  / 25What these ACT numbers mean Suffolk University Description Suffolk University is a  private university  located in Boston, Massachusetts. Originally founded as a law school, the university has expanded to include colleges of arts and sciences, business and art and design. The urban campus is right in the heart of downtown Boston on Beacon Hill. The university also has two satellite campuses in Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and Madrid, Spain. Suffolk has a student-faculty ratio  of 12 to 1 for its undergraduate school and 17 to 1 in the law school. Its academic offerings include 41 undergraduate majors and 20 graduate programs in addition to the law school’s Juris Doctor, Master of Laws and Doctor of Juridicial Science degrees. Other popular areas of study include marketing, finance and communication/journalism. Outside of academics, students are actively involved in campus life, participating in nearly 90 clubs and organizations. The Suffolk University Rams compete in the NCAA Division III Great Northeast Athletic Conference. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 7,461  (5,191 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 45  percent male / 55 percent female95  percent full-time Costs (2016 -17) Tuition and Fees: $35,578Books: $1,200 (why so much?)Room and Board: $14,730Other Expenses: $2,525Total Cost: $54,033 Suffolk University Financial Aid (2015 -16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 93  percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 93 percentLoans: 60 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $18,575Loans: $9,127 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Accounting, Business Administration, Crime and Justice, Finance, Marketing, Psychology, Public RelationsWhat major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 75  percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 45  percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 59  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports:  Baseball, Golf, Basketball, Hockey, Tennis, Cross Country, SoccerWomens Sports:  Soccer, Tennis, Softball, Volleyball, Basketball, Track and Field If You Like Suffolk University, You May Also Like These Schools: Bridgewater State University: Profile  Boston College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUMass - Amherst: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphMerrimack College: Profile  Roger Williams University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphCurry College: Profile  New York University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphHofstra University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphEmerson College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphNortheastern University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Rhode Island: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphEndicott College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Spinal immobilization Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Spinal immobilization - Research Paper Example This is because of lack of effective measure to ascertain the degree and site of spinal injury at the time of presentation in any emergency setting. Also, the definition of the definite position of spinal immobilization is poor and lacking. Jin et al (2007) conducted a retrospective study to examine the sensitivity of the prehospital immobilization protocol in which age criterion is present to 5 criteria of spine clearance. The five criteria include decreased awareness, presence of intoxication, neurological deficit, pain on palpation of the spine and age criterion; which is 65 years or older. According to the protocol, standard full immobilization would be done to individuals with more than one criteria. This study included 238 victims of blunt trauma; of which 236 has atleast one positive criteria, suggesting 99.2 percent sensitivity. Of the 2 patients who did not receive immobilization, one had a small fissure in the arch of C2 and the other had fracture of the transverse process of L3. Both of them were discharged on the next day without any medical interventions or complications. Based on these results, the researchers concluded that spinal immobilization protocol must be based on clinical criteria rather than on mechanism of trauma. They also recommended a prospective study to confirm such findings. The effectiveness and benefits of immobilization of the spine depends on the perfection in application of the immobilization technique. Peery et al (2007) conducted a study to assess and examine the quality of long spine board spinal immobilization in patients presenting to the emergency room via emergency medical service. During examination, evaluation of the location and number of the restraining straps and also their degree of tightness was done. 50 patients were included in the study. 30 percent of these had atleast one unattached tape to attach head to the board. Also, 88 percent had more than 2 cm slack between the body. This study draws evidence that im mobilization is not done well in emergency medical service and better measures and protocols need to be drawn for improved immobilization. Thus, even though spinal immobilization may provide genuine benefits, they be lost due to poor application. Generally, immobilization of spine consists of a cervical collar that supports either side of the head, and the long and short back boards which have straps attached to them to immobilize the rest of the body. With regard to the boards, there is lot of controversy whether long boards are superior to short boards. According to Cline (1985; cited in AANS, 2001 ), short boards are superior to cervical collar alone. Mozalewski (cited in AANS, 2001 ) opined that unless the motion of trunk also was minimized along with motion of head, spine immobilization was ineffective. The literature review by AANS (2001) drew some implications about spine immobilization practices in an emergency setting. The review opines that studies pertaining to spinal imm obilization are limited because none of the studies actually evaluate the full range of available devices. However, from whatever results are available, it appears that a combination of cervical collar immobilization with supportive straps on a rigid long spinal backboard to secure the whole body including the trunk is superior to cervi

Marketing plan ( Target Market ) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing plan ( Target Market ) - Assignment Example The target market of the new dome will be interested in saving the money and the time associated in the construction of dome. This will be the main differentiating point for the new foamed dome introduced by Pretson. The company will try to attract the large builders and architects who are currently involved in the business of building and construction. This strategy of targeting the architects and builders will allow the company to promote the new product in effective and efficient manner. Abby Preston who is working as a Chemist in ApplPoly Products’ resins laboratory, came up with new product ‘foamed dome’. In this product, the foamed polystyrene is utilized in order to build dome shaped roofs and other building structure. The procedure being used in order to construct the foamed dome is as follow: A specially designed machine has been used in the manufacturing of a foamed dome because of which, the dome shaped is formed by bending, placing and bonding pieces of plastic foam collectively. The head of the machine is mounted on a boom at the time of forming a dome and at this point of time, the machine swings around a pivot very much similar to the hands of a clock, laying and bonding layer upon layer of foam board in a rising spherical form. There are several benefits of the new foamed dome concept over the simple domes and structures constructed through the cement based materials. One main advantage is regarding the cost and time associated with the construction of the foamed dome and structure. The foam boards allow the architect to save time involved in the process of construction. On the other hand there is more time involved in the construction of the dome and structure through the cement. The polystyrene foamed board is one of the effective insulator and have outstanding and enduring insulating features. It is also important to acknowledge here that the foamed board is mainly used as an

Social And Natural Sciences Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social And Natural Sciences - Essay Example A great contribution of positivism into philosophical and methodological explorative methods is considered further on the example of social and natural sciences. In sociology, positivism is the core paradigmatic methodology. Science and inquiry are two basic pillars of positivism. Still, it is very important to solve the major problem of social sciences, which concerns results finding on the basis of complex species research and study. The roots of Positivism can be traced in the French Enlightenment. The philosopher suggested combining natural sciences principles with social sciences. Comte claimed that religion was conquered by science. It was much important those times to refer to facts and laws, than to suppositions and considerations. Scientific knowledge is outlined by Comte in the following way: the stage of fictitious, metaphysical and scientific knowledge. The last stage of knowledge, scientific knowledge, is preferential for Comte. The development of all other stages, if su ccessfully implemented, would result in scientific knowledge emergence. These stages of knowledge can be also sought in Empiricism. This science is based on observable facts, claiming that logical and mathematical roots are in the background of the facts. The main principle of positivism should be also found in â€Å"positive† information, which can be obtained from a positive experience. A methodological paradigm of positivism consists of science and inquiry. An empirical exploration is of crucial importance for any science.  ... These stages of knowledge can be also sought in Empiricism. This science is based on observable facts, claiming that logical and mathematical roots are on the background of the facts. The main principle of positivism should be also found in â€Å"positive† information, which can be obtained from a positive experience. Therefore, a methodological paradigm of positivism consists of science and inquiry. An empirical exploration is of crucial importance for any science. Thus, from positivist perspective it can be claimed that social phenomena are not distributed in accordance with certain or specific types, where the members of these types are homogenous (Cassell, 2002). In other words, positivist vision or methodology implemented in social sciences is not relevant to the fullest extent. Sociological phenomena are of inhomogeneous nature. For example, a structure of any sociological object or phenomena cannot be considered in accordance with specific features or characteristics, w hich are relevant at all times. Moreover, social processes and generalizations cannot be characterized simultaneously in accordance with homogenous characteristics. For sociological sciences it is of crucial importance to formulate specific hypotheses focused on special sociological events or imagination. A development of sociological theory is one possible way to develop explanations concerning sociological events or objects. Therefore, positivism is often criticized as irrelevant methodology applied for social inquiry. Social science requires development of special approaches focused on â€Å"contingency, heterogeneity, path-dependence, and particularity corresponding to the plasticity of

The Identity of an International Student

The Identity of an International Student The identity of an international student I will conduct this interview with an international student, Daphne Youssef. The purpose of this interview is to gain an insight into an international students life, to get a clearer and deeper understanding of their perception of home, considering the difficulties, but also the advantages of living in more than one place at the same time. Where are you from? Country + Town + Neighborhood When did you move to England? When did you decide to move to England? Why did you move to England? What about the town Exeter? What were your motifs for coming here? When did you come to Exeter? How often do you go back to your national country/ country of origin? What time of the year do you usually go back? What are the main reasons for returning there? Can you explain your identity parents, relatives? Do you have any relatives who live in England? What are the main differences between England and your country of origin? Do you consider moving to England for good? If yes, why? If not, why? Then where would you like to live and why? Can you walk me through your feelings regarding your migration? Scared, Terrified, Happy, Excited, Disappointed Upon departure Immediately after you got here During high-school During university At this moment Were your expectations fully met? If not, what percentage of your expectations would you say were fulfilled? What is different than what you expected? What about the people? Do you think is there any difference of mentality between the people in your country of origin and the people in England in general? What about Exeter? Do you think you are treated differently here than you are in your country of origin? Have you ever faced an anti-migration attitude or have you felt that you were in any kind disadvantaged because of your immigrant status? For how long have you studied English before coming here Language, culture adaptation How often do you talk to your family/friends from your country of origin? What methods of communication do you usually use? Phone call, skype, video call, etc. How do you usually travel between the 2 countries? Plane, bus, train, car Are you happy with the decisions youve made so far? If you could go back before the moment you decided to move to another country, what would you change? How do you find university life so far? Do you think your nationality has anything to do with the way people perceive you? At what degree would you say your nationality (and what I mean by nationality is your education, culture, mentality) influences your social life? What about your studies? Do you consider that being in another country, surrounded by different people influences your studies? Do you feel you belong here? At what degree do you identify yourself with the English culture? Lastly, which place do you consider/would you call home? Why? Interview final form Introductory questions Location Time 1. Where are you from? Country + Town + Neighborhood 2. When did you move to England? 3. When did you decide to move to England? 4. Why did you move to England? 5. What about the town Exeter? What were your motifs for coming here? 6. When did you come to Exeter? Family Country of origin Communication Travelling 10. Can you explain your identity parents, relatives? Their nationality 11. Do you have any relatives who live in England? 21. How often do you talk to your family/friends from your country of origin? 22. What methods of communication do you usually use? Phone call, skype, video call, etc. 7. How often do you go back to your national country/ country of origin? 23. How do you usually travel between the 2 countries? Plane, bus, train, car 8. What time of the year do you usually go back? 9. What are the main reasons for returning there? Feelings in general at various, important moments in time which will be considered as a basis for future questions 14. Can you walk me through your feelings regarding your migration? Scared, Terrified, Happy, Excited, Disappointed Upon departure Immediately after you got here During high-school During university At this moment Language Education Culture adaptation 26. How do you find university life so far? * How do you find studying in another country compared to studying in your country of origin? 19. For how long have you studied English language before coming here? * How did you find the initial period when you moved here in terms of language? Was it hard to adapt? * How has been so far learning in another language? Did you face any difficulties? Understanding, writing, lecture, exams, friends social life etc. 28. At what degree would you say your nationality (and what I mean by nationality is your education, culture, mentality) influences your studies? What about your social life? 30. At what degree do you identify yourself with the English culture? Would you say that you belong here? Friends People * Do you feel that you have friends here? * Would you say that you feel closer to your friends from England or to your friends from your country of origin? * Is it hard for you to build real connections/ friendships with people in England? English people and foreigners 16. What would you say about the people? Do you think is there any difference of mentality between the people in your country of origin and the people in England in general? What about people in Exeter? 17. Do you think you are treated differently here than you are in your country of origin? 27. Do you think your nationality has anything to do with the way people perceive you? 28. Do you consider that the way in which people treat you here influences your studies in any way? 18. Have you ever faced an anti-migration attitude or have you felt that you were in any kind disadvantaged because of your immigrant status? Expectations/Reality Conclusions 12. Now, resuming all the topics weve discussed, what would you say are the main differences between England and your country of origin? * What do you miss the most about your country of origin? 13. Do you consider moving to England for good? If yes, why? If not, why? Then where would you like to live and why? 15. Were your expectations fully met? If not, what percentage of your expectations would you say were fulfilled? What is different than what you expected? 24. Are you happy with the decisions youve made so far? 25. If you could go back before the moment you decided to move to another country, what would you change? * Lastly, which place do you consider/would you call home? Why?

othello Essay example -- essays research papers

jealousy In the play Othello, jealousy is shown to be very evident through the actions of the characters. Jealousy is an emotion that everyone shares, and it is ultimately responsible for the tragic ending of the play. Everyone feels jealous at certain times of their lives, and this feeling can cause people to do irrational things. This human emotion also shows people to be weak in the sense that they are never happy with what they have. Shakespeare shows through Othello, Iago, Roderigo, and Brabantio that jealousy is the most corrupt and destructive emotion. Othello is horribly jealous of what he thinks is going on between his wife and Cassio. This poisonous feeling turns Othello into a mad man and he strikes his wife. Jealousy causes people to act incredibly different. People that are almost always reserved and sincere can become crazy because of jealousy. Othello kills his wife because he feels that if he can’t have her, nobody can. This is a very selfish action that Othello takes. He determines his wife’s fatal fate just because he is jealous. People often think only for themselves when they are jealous. This shows humans to be selfish when their emotions are intense.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is almost no worse feeling that being very jealous of someone or something. People will risk almost anything to get rid of this disastrous feeling. Jealously causes people to act irrationally and irresponsibly. This is a feeling that always comes up throughout everybody...

Spitting Image

Spitting Image Spitting Image Spitting Image By Maeve Maddox ELVIS’ SECRET SON FOUND: Handsome 32-year-old is the spitting image of The King Thats to say, the young man looks exactly like Elvis. The underlying image is that of a man spitting out a child in his own likeness, rather like Cadmus sowing the dragons teeth from which sprang full-grown men. NOTE: Some fastidious folk etymologists have tried to elevate the expression from the realm of expectoration by suggesting that spit and image derives from the phrase spirit and image. Not likely. The Online Etymology Dictionary gives 1602 as a date for spit used with the meaning the very likeness. The Phrase Finder cites this 1689 reference from George Farquhars play Love and a Bottle: Poor child! hes as like his own dadda as if he were spit out of his mouth. The expression has appeared in various forms: the spit A daughter,..the very spit of the old captain. (1825) the spit and fetch He would be the very spit and fetch of Queen Cleopatra. (1859) the spit an image Shes like the poor lady thats dead and gone, the spit an image she is. (1895) the dead spit Ill chance you having another ring..the dead spit of mine. (1901) the spitten image He looked the spitten picture of my ould father. (1887) the spittin image Hes jes like his pa, ï ¿ ¼the very spittin image of him! (1901) the spitting image In another twenty years..she would be her mothers spitting image. (1929) the spit-image My husband saw a man that was the spit-image of King no further away than Jackson. (1949) The OED gives an example of Westmoreland dialect in which splittin image is used instead of spittin image. A possible explanation is given by D. Hartley in Made in England (1939): Evenness and symmetry are got by pairing the two split halves of the same tree, or branch. (Hence the country saying: hes the ‘splitting image’ï ¿ ¼an exact likeness.) Spitting image is definitely the winning version. Most modern speakers would hear splitting image as a malapropism. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Similes from Literature to Inspire YouWhat is Dative Case?How to Write a Proposal

Learn the Basics About Rocky, Dusty Planet Mars

Learn the Basics About Rocky, Dusty Planet Mars Mars is one of the most fascinating planets in the solar system. Its the subject of a much exploration, and scientists have sent dozens of spacecraft there. Human missions to this world are currently in planning and might happen in the next decade or so. It may be that the first generation of Mars explorers are already in high school, or perhaps in college. If so, its high time we learn more about this future target! The current missions to Mars include the Mars Curiosity Lander, the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity, the Mars Express orbiter, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, the Mars Orbiter Mission, and Mars MAVEN, and the ExoMars orbiter.   Basic Information about Mars So, what are the basics about this dusty desert planet?   Its about 2/3 the size of Earth, with a gravitational pull just over a third of Earths. Its day is about 40 minutes longer than ours, and its 687-day-long year is 1.8 times longer than  Earths.   Mars is a rocky, terrestrial-type planet. Its density is about 30 percent less than that of Earth (3.94 g/cm3 vs. 5.52 g/cm3). Its core is probably similar to Earths, mostly iron, with small amounts of nickel, but spacecraft mapping of its gravity field seem to indicate that its iron-rich core and mantle are a smaller portion of its volume than on Earth. Also, its smaller magnetic field than Earth, indicates a solid, rather than liquid core. Mars has evidence of past volcanic activity on its surface, making it a sleeping volcano world. It has the largest volcanic caldera in the solar system, called Olympus Mons.   Mars atmosphere is 95 percent carbon dioxide, nearly 3 percent nitrogen, and nearly 2 percent argon with trace quantities of oxygen, carbon monoxide, water vapor, ozone, and other trace gases. Future explorers will need to bring oxygen along, and then find ways to manufacture it from surface materials.   The average temperature on Mars is about -55 C or -67 F. It can range from -133 C or -207 F at the winter pole to almost 27 C or 80 F on the day side during summer. A Once-wet and Warm World The Mars we know today is largely a desert, with suspected stores of water and carbon dioxide ice under its surface. In the past it may have been a wet, warm planet, with liquid water flowing across its surface. Something happened early in its history, however, and Mars lost most of its water (and atmosphere). What wasnt lost to space froze underground. Evidence of  dried ancient lakebeds  have  been found by the  Mars Curiosity  mission, as well as other missions.  The apparently history of water on ancient Mars gives astrobiologists some idea that life might have gotten a toehold on the Red Planet, but has since died out or is holed up beneath the surface.   The first human missions to Mars will likely occur in the next two decades, depending on how the technology and planning progresses. NASA has a long-range plan to put people on Mars, and other organizations are looking into creating Martian colonies and science outposts as well. Current missions in low-Earth orbit are aimed at learning how humans will live and survive in space and on long-term missions. Mars has two tiny satellites which orbit very close to the surface, Phobos and Deimos. They could well come in for some exploration of their own as people begin their in-situ studies of the Red Planet.   Mars in the Human Mind Mars is named for the Roman god of War. It probably got this name due to its red color. The name of the month March derives from Mars. Known since prehistoric times, Mars has also been seen as a god of fertility, and in science fiction, it is a favorite site for authors to stage stories of the far future.   Edited by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

Critics of the World Bank Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Critics of the World Bank - Case Study Example Still there remain a lot of issues that point out at the loopholes. Though the World Bank in known for its achievements over the past few decades, it has been subject to various criticisms over the years for its policies, functions and activities. The World Bank is attack from all sides by critics on grounds that it is not efficient, not accountable or responsible, not democratic or legitimate, and most importantly that the World Bank is not relevant in a global economy which is presently subjugated by private capital, production and ideas. This paper focuses on the critics faced by the World Bank. Ever since its establishment, it has been subject to various criticisms. At this stage it will be useful to give a brief overview of how the world bank functions and what are the divisions of World Bank. The World Bank is the largest public development institution in the world. The World Bank lends about US$ 25 billion each year to developing countries or various developmental activities with the main purpose of reducing poverty. The main goals of the World Bank, as outlined in Article One of its Articles of Agreement, are: "to assist in the reconstruction and development of territories of members by facilitating the investment of capital for productive purposes" and "to promote the long-range balanced growth of international trade and the maintenance of equilibrium in balances of payments by encouraging international investment ... thereby assisting in raising the productivity, the standard of living and conditions of labour in their territories" (Bretton Woods Project, 2005a). The World Bank is a group of five closely associated international organizations responsible for providing finance and advice to countries for the purposes of economic development and eliminating poverty. Its five agencies are: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD); International Finance Corporation (IFC); International Development Association (IDA); Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA); and International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID). The World Bank's activities are particularly focused on economically backward developing countries. Each of these organizations has their own aims and objectives. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) aims to reduce poverty in middle-income and creditworthy poorer countries by promoting sustainable development through loans, guarantees, risk management products, and analytical and advisory services. The IBRD and IDA provide loans at preferential rates to member countrie s, as well as grants to the poorest countries for developmental activities. The main activities of the IFC and MIGA include investment in the private sector and capitalizing insurance respectively (Wikipedia, 2007). In the recent years criticism of the World Bank and the IMF on various issues has been a cause of concern to the Bank. These criticism in general centre on the fear about the approaches adopted by the World Bank and the IMF in defining their policies. Especially the socioeconomic impact these policies have on the population of countries who benefit themselves of financial assistance from these two institutions. To be more specific it can be said

Adoption of New Technology Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Adoption of New Technology Systems - Essay Example In this study, their effective application in promoting adoption of a new Electronic Health Records System, EHR, at a nursing institution will be discussed. It is the role of the nurse leaders to ensure that the EHR system being introduced is fully understood by the nurses, and also make it known why it is a necessary innovation (Mooney & Boyle, 2011). In this case, for instance, it would be effective to explain to the nurses that the government, through its Health Information Technology for economic and Clinical Health Act is offering professionals in the healthcare context 44,000$ over five years if they successfully demonstrate the use of EHR systems. Additionally, failure to meet this will see the Medicare reimbursements reduced by 1% annually. In this way, the nurses will understand that the EHR systems are more of a regulation with benefits in the healthcare context. In facilitating less resistance and higher chances of adoption of the EHR systems, it would be wise to apply the Roger’s theory of diffusion of innovations. Its first element is relative advantage. Relative advantage is simply the level to which an innovation is better, in a measurable way than the concept, it is replacing (Rogers, 2003). In short, the leader should highlight the benefits of the EHR systems. One of them is that unlike traditional methods of recording patient information, they store all information about a patient in one place. This includes treatment history, immunization dates, laboratory tests, and radiology images. This makes the task of tracing patient information simpler for the nurse. Again, EHR systems are bound to cut costs for both patients and providers. This is because their digital nature requires less storage space, faster retrieval, and easier transfer (Bates, 2010). The second element in Roger’s theory is

What are the criteria Postgraduate students use to determine career Dissertation

What are the criteria Postgraduate students use to determine career choice - Dissertation Example y 3.6 Ethical Considerations 3.7 Research Limitations Chapter 4: Findings and Analysis 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Relative Importance of Factors 4.3 Impact of Internal Factors on the External Factors 4.4 Impact of Internal Factors 4.4.1 Impact of Family Factors 4.4.1.1 Parental Influence 4.4.1.2 Parental Guidance 4.4.2 Impact of Socio-Cultural Factors 4.4.2.1 Cultural Factors 4.4.2.2 Social and Gender Sterotypes 4.4.3 Impact of Emotional Factors 4.4.3.1 Impact of Anxiety Levels 4.4.3.2 Impact of Life View 4.4.3.3 Self Concept and Identity 4.4.4 Impact of Self-Efficacy 4.4.5 Impact of Personal Interest 4.4. 6 Impact of Personality Factors 4.5 Impact of External Factors 4.5.1 Impact of Image of the Institute 4.5.2 Impact of Marketing Activities 4.5.3 Impact of Resources and Facities of the Institute 4.5.4 Impact of Culture 4.5.4.1 Impact of Policies and Procedures 4.5.4.2 Impact of Classroom Teaching Methods 4.5.5 Impact of Placement and Campus Recruitment 4.5.6 Impact of Financial Support 4 .5.7 Impact of Research Funding Available to the Institute 4.5.8 Impact of Location of the Institute Chapter 5: Conclusions 5.1 Summary of Research Findings 5.2 Limitations of Research Scope for Future Research List of Figures and Tables Figure 1: Parental Influence Figure 2: Impact of Parental Guidance Figure 3: Impact of Culture Figure 4: Impact of Socal and Gender Sterotypes Figure 5: Impact of Anxiety Levels Figure 6: Impact of Life View Figure 7: Awareness of Life’s Aims Figure 8: Ability to Gather the Information Figure 9: Ability to Analyse the Information Figure 10: Awareness of Interests and Aptitude Figure 11: Impact of Personality Factors Figure12: Impact of Image of Institute Figure 13: Impact of Marketing and Promotional Activities Figure 14: Impact of Resources and... The current research is aimed to assess the important factors which influence the postgraduate students in management to determine their career choices. The research was conducted among 40 management students who were selected in a random manner from the management course in X institute. The research was conducted using quantitative survey questionnaire that was sent and collected using emails. It was found that Promotional Activities of the Institute, Image of the Institute, Placements and Alumni record of the institute and Resources and Facilities of the Institute comprised of the most important factors that were used by the students to assess their career choices. In addition, internal factors like parental influence, awareness of life aims and interests, parental guidance and culture were found to be importance influencers in the career decision-makig process. The research also found that factors like image of the institute is greately influenced by parental guidance, parental in fluence and culture, and importance of placement record as a criteria of career choice is highly correlated with both family and personal interest and self-identity factors. The research analyses the findings with the aim of filling the gaps in the available research and providing further inspiration for future research in the same area.Higher Educational Institutes (HEI) are facing an increased competition in terms of getting governmental or private funding for research and also suffer from a dwindling application numbers from students

Napoleon was successful because his enemies were incompetent Essay Example for Free

Napoleon was successful because his enemies were incompetent Essay Napoleon was successful because his enemies were incompetent and divided. How far do you agree? Napoleon was one of the most successful military leaders Europe has ever seen; his leadership of the French army saw him control much of continental Europe. Napoleons enemies did give him a great advantage during his success through their incompetence and divisions. However the weaknesses of Napoleons opposition was not the only reason why he was so successful. One must also look at other reasons to why Napoleon had so much success. Napoleons enemies had old-fashioned, slow and immobile tactics when fighting Napoleon, this made it easier for Napoleon to defeat them, as his army was quick and mobile. This inability to produced new tactics was exposed at the Battle of Ulm in 1805. The Prussians were fighting Napoleon, they were slow and immobile, and as a result lost 45,000 men, Napoleon was able to easily expose their immobility. Napoleons enemies showed were divided and not united together as they failed to join together and forge a successful alliance against Napoleon. The Second Coalition of 1799 is an example of their incompetence to join together against Napoleon. It was between Britain, Russia, Austria and the Ottoman Empire. However it was made up of a series of separate alliances, which meant there was no single aim. Soon there was political fallout between Russia and Britain over Malta, which meant the coalition was effectively disbanded. The fallout allowed Napoleon to interfere and get Russia on side, and then bully Austria into the Peace of Luneville. Although it can be seen that Napoleon was successful in divide and rule as he was able to split the allies and forge a separate alliance, this failed coalition also shows the incompetence of Napoleons enemies to united against him. Napoleons enemies also saw him as infallible and this meant they would enter a battle against him with fear and often gave him too much respect. Evidently Napoleons enemies incompetence and divisions did play a part in his success, they had poor tactics and could not unite against him. However in order to analyse how far his enemies incompetence and divisions led to Napoleons success, one must also look at other factors which led to Napoleons success. Napoleons himself and his leadership of the French army is a key reason for his success. When Napoleon took command of the French army, he reorganised it and took lead of the whole army himself. The army was divided into corps of 25,000 to 30,000 soldiers, which increased the armies mobility. Napoleon controlled the whole army and decided every move on the battlefield. This along with the mobility of the army, allowed him to make fast decisions and his army were able to respond quickly. To increase speed and mobility Napoleon also introduced living off the land which meant his soldiers carried a limited supply of food and clothes and were encouraged to loot as they marched. This meant his men could travel from 12 to 15 miles a day. In another effort to increase mobility Napoleon also used horse artillery. Napoleon had great qualities as a military general; he would formulate a general plan of action before any battle and calculate all the possibilities. He did this at Austerlitz in 1805 to great effect. He engaged the Russians, but kept a large reserve, which allowed him to roll to victory. Napoleon was also a quick thinker and was able to improvise by using his mobile army to take advantage of enemy mistakes. This can be seen at the Battle of Ulm in 1805, where he improvised by making a quick decision to send marshal Murat in pursuit of the Austrians, which reduced their numbers from 70,000 to 27,000. Napoleon possessed great charisma. Wellington said of him his presence in the battlefield is worth an extra 40,000 men. He would fight alongside his men, which inspired his men and gained him respect. He did this at the Battle of Austerlitz in 1805, when times got hard for his soldiers. He also used emotional, theatrical language in his Daily Bulletins, to inspire and arouse the passions of his troops. This ability to inspire his troops meant he got the best out of his men at all times, increasing his chances of victory. Napoleon also understood the importance of paying his men in coin money as appose to paper money, as it did not depreciate in value. He also allowed them to loot as they conquered new lands. This boosted morale as his soldiers were payed well and it also meant they respected him. Napoleon would also play to his strengths, and as he had a weak navy, he never fought naval battles. Another skill of Napoleon was his ability to incorporate other peoples tactics into his own army with great effect. For instance he took military thinker Guiberts tactic of mixed order (a combination of lines and columns of men), and incorporated it into the army. It had a great impact as it increased mobility and meant they were less vulnerable and predictable. Although it was not his idea, Napoleon did incorporate into his army to great effect. Evidently Napoleons military skills and leadership of the French army was another reason for him been so successful. He possessed great skills such controlling the whole army, planning ahead and improving to take advantage of enemy mistakes. He was also brilliant at getting the best out of his troops through his charisma and incorporating other peoples tactics to great effect. Another reason that must be analysed in order to establish why Napoleon was so successful is the strength of the French army he inherited when he came to power. Due to conscription introduced in 1793 before Napoleon was in power, the French army was by far the largest in Europe. By 1805 it consisted of around 600,000 men. This was an obvious a great advantage to Napoleon, it enabled him to change the nature of warfare to levee on masse. The size of the army allowed him to surround enemies as he did at the twin battle of Jena-Auerstadt where by surrounding the Prussians, made them face on the wrong way when battle began, as a result they lost 45,000 men. Napoleon was also able to take huge losses himself, as on average he took on 73,000 new conscripts. Napoleon also inherited the experienced soldiers that had fought in the Grande Armee during the French revolution; these men were of great value. So evidently Napoleon was assisted in his success, as he inherited a huge army, which gave him the edge against the smaller, weaker armies of his enemies. So although Napoleon was assisted by the incompetent and divided nature of his enemies, other factors also had a great contribution in his success, particularly his military skills and leadership. Without possessing great skills he would have not been as successful. It was his skills, which allowed him to take advantage of the weakness of his enemies, and the army he inherited and as a result have so much military success.

Java and JavaScript :: essays research papers

Java and JavaScript are languages that evolved because of the Internet. From the evolution of mainframes, to stand-alone PCs, to networked communication, and lastly to the Internet, one thing has been a constant, different languages evolved based on a need. For these two languages, the Internet was a perfect fit, and without them the Internet would be a less dynamic and vibrant highway. As the Internet grew, more and more people found it a more viable place to do business. With that came a need for languages that were fairly easy to learn, dynamic, secure, portable, and maintainable. The industry answered that call with languages such as Java and JavaScript. This paper will perform an analysis of both Java and JavaScript. In order for the reader to gain a better understanding of these languages, the history of these languages with overviews will be presented along with a discussion of the benefits and drawbacks. The History of Java In the middle of May 1995 Java was introduced into the world, and along with Netscape it would be the new way for Internet users to access this new information superhighway. But before it got to this point, Java technology was developed almost by accident. Back in 1991, Sun Microsystems was looking into the future in anticipation of the future of computing, and they tasked a team that became know as the â€Å"Green Project†. Their main focus was to come up with a plan for the future of computing, but what they came out with was something quite unexpected. Under the guidance of James Gosling, a team was locked away in an external site to work on the project that would define Sun’s technology direction for the future. Their conclusions pointed toward a future that had computers and digitally controlled devices converging. What they came out with was a language called â€Å"Oak†, named for the type of tree outside their office window. After failed attempts at selling the technology to the cable industry, the team convened again to determine the future of this new language. With the realization that the Internet was becoming a good way to move media content, the team took that to heart. What they came out with was a language that would use existing the HTML language, and what it did was revolutionize the Internet, and increase its use dramatically. In 1993, after an easy-to-use front-end to the web called Mosaic showed many that the Internet had many possibilities, the team knew that Java was the right fit for the Industry.

The French and English Revolutions :: European Europe History

The French and English Revolutions THE FRENCH REVOLUTION The French Revolution was effected and caused by many things and people. Some people that had to do with the French Revolution were, Louis XVI, and, Marie Antoinette. Marie played an active role in the Revolution but suffered for her royalist sympathies. King Louis XVI also played an important role in the Revolution, seeing as how he was the king and all. When Louis XVI came to be King, he inherited a France in debt, and he was left with no choice but to raise taxes even though they were already high enough. This had made the people of France very angry. Paris had become furious and chose to make a big scene. This was also one of the causes of the French Revolution. Some believe that the MAIN reason for the Revolution was all based on, Louis, being too young and inexperienced to run an ENTIRE country by himself. He was only when he got married to Marie and he was only 20 when he officially became king of France. As the people of France grew more and more angry with Louis, it had started removing French Officials, such as, Tax collectors, and changing all of the kings appointed men to intendants. Pretty soon there were oaths and things for Louis to sign everywhere. Oaths such as the "Tennis Court Oath", and the "Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen", and the "Constitution of 1791." Two effects of the Revolution were, change the voting by head, giving the third estate an advantage because they had as many people as the first and second estates, and the beheading of King Louis XVI. This section has shown how the French Revolution was effected and caused by many things and people. THE ENGLISH REVOLUTION The English revolution was also effected by many people and things, just like the French Revolution. Some people having to do with the Revolution were King Charles II, and King James II. Charles and James both were kings of England for their own share of time, influencing the country and its motives. After a short bit, Charles died unexpectedly from natural causes at the age of 55. Then James, brother of Charles, became King. This was a reason for the Revolution in some people's eyes. The change of Charles to James was a stutter in the economy. It caused a major uproar, not against James, but just a lot of commotion and talk amongst the people.

HBS Case Innovation and Collaboration at Merrill Lynch Essay

In a rapidly changing world, organizations need to continually identify new opportunities beyond existing competencies if they are to survive and prosper. Customers also increasingly want customized products. Customer service has become a hygiene factor and customer loyalty is now being driven by faster innovation, rapid concept-to-market and product co-creation. This has led to the extension of the collaboration paradigm to customer facing functions in the supply chain, namely the product design and prototyping phase. Collaboration is becoming a new and important source of competitive advantage. Historically, analysts in the investment bank tended to work independently. Especially, in the beginning of 1990s, the globalization overwhelmed the market and investor became to think that they should not just invest in the local market, but invest in the international market. With this change of clients’ attitude, the investment bank became to feel the need of innovation of their working style. Under these situations, Merrill Lynch decided to create totally different style of research report, the capital structure report which was only possible with the collaboration of international-market, cross-sector, and cross-asset analysts. The First Capital-Structure report about the U.S. Cable Industry covered seven companies. It was the first try of collaborative work in Merrill Lynch, so it didn’t have any clear guide lines for the effective team work. There was no clear goal of team work, and also there was no motivation for the participant. Analysts from different sections were asked to get together one day, and asked to make a capital structure report. Without any clear goal, and without the structure and system of team work, the whole procedure proceeded very inefficiently. It took lots of time to get the final report, but the quality of report was not satisfied. In other words, its try to change was innovative, but the team work itself was not so much â€Å"value-addable†. The second Capital-Structure report about U.S. Utilities covered 5 companies. This time, it seemed like there were clear goals; â€Å"The idea from get-go was that people would be able to pick up this thing and start generating trades  from it. That was goal number one. The second goal was to have the report sitting on people’s desks for a good period of time as a reference guide to how different parts of the capital structure impacted each other and affected valuations and potential opportunities† In addition, the participants in this project worked pretty closely together already. However, these were not enough for the effective collaboration. They were still not motivated to the project a lot, and the more commitment might have been called for. This means that they still didn’t have specific goal to head for. Absence of specific goal naturally brought lots of debates which slow the progress. When the team finished the project, the report got a lot of positive feedback from clients. And it seems that Merrill Lynch met its goal in the beginning. However, without the specific goal of what they should achieve, and with the lots of information they should mix all together, â€Å"it was a grinding exercise† to reach on the final result. The Third Capital-Structure Report was about auto companies. At this time U.S. specialists and Europe specialists worked together. Analysts did not need much convincing because they already knew the need for this collaborative work. There were lots of energy and enthusiasm already. In addition, this third project started with a plan; they knew what they want to achieve specifically and they also had the clear deadline. The whole procedure was progressed very smoothly from this step to the next. As a result, Sales heard from a client that â€Å"the value-added ideas contained in the report are original, differentiate Merrill from the rest of the Street, and give them another reason to pay Merrill commissions.† Even though Merrill Lynch learned lots of things undergoing the upper three cases, there still are many issues remained. The project might have been more timely and had a clear leader. To achieve the further successful innovation and collaboration, there are many important things Browning as the director of the research department should have thought about. As a leader for change, Browning should set the theme by communicating inspiring visions, which provide a picture of the future combining poetry and prose, imagination and pragmatism, drawing on destination, dream, prize,  target, message, and first step. So, first, as a leader Browing must be secure about team’s charter, mission, goals and objectives to team members. And employees must believe a certain level of individual effort will lead to achieving the corporation’s standards of performance. So Browing should set stretch goals which they energize people. And Browing must confront the key questions that must be answered and then communicate the inherent truth that inspires. The communication of that inspiring vision is arguably the indispensable condition. So For this, he should launch internal website for his innovative project and this website will help team members expedite project’s vision communication as well as timely information access. To be specific, formally, the analysts can share information about each sector regularly through email, e-news letter, and regular cross-sector meeting. For example, the equity analyst can have the summary about current bond market or derivative market weekly or biweekly. Also, through inner-information session for cross-asset collaboration report the analyst could have a chance of analyzing pros and cons of the collaboration report. Second, for effective communication, Browning has to build the trust and respect in the innovative project team. Informally, just as Fleishman insisted, through casual lunch or regular dinner, cross-asset analysts could be close to each other, and all-of-sudden they could be collaborating. And this interaction would encourage meaningful dialogue around issues of compelling importance to analysts. To develop solid foundation and mutual trust, face-to-face interaction is needed. In addition, just as Hezig recommended, having new hires rotate for a period of time before getting allocated to do research might be a useful tool for effective communication. New employees not only could be comfortable with cross-asset resources, but also could have close relationships with cross-asset colleagues. Third, Browing has to build the culture which voluntarily stimulates voluntary collaboration. So he has to pay attention to structure a collaborative innovation team which can add flexibility to planning and control systems. Without flexibility, analysts can stop their creative and productive ideas. So Browing need to consider this flexibility in a long term goal. Creative collaboration respects and honors the talents and  contributions of each person involved, regardless of rank, seniority or expertise. Organizations that are serious about collaboration make sure there is a safe environment for taking the risks that are necessary for creative collaboration. Fourth, Browing should create atmosphere where stimulates breakthrough ideas. It means that he should create norms to promote creativity. Collaborative Innovation is a new practice that improves on current practice or responds to new opportunities and challenges. Actually, many organizations are trying to build their own culture for innovation. Thus Browing needs to focus on risk taking for change. Risk taking is ‘no punishments for failure’ and ‘freedom to try things and fail’. For example, laughing at those who suggest new approaches can stop sharing information each other. Another norm to promote creativity is openness. Openness includes open communication and help share information, open access, willingness to consult others. Browing should be careful of knowledge evaporation. He should build up internal knowledge database as an instrument at the corporate level for collecting ideas and then promoting them. And also he has to give all the relevant employees to access the database. As a result, employees who are interested in any relevant subject can give negative or positive feedback and the subject can develop in a better way. Innovation is a process, not just an output. Time out is as important as time in. If we have a problem, our brains continue to search for the solution even while we are doing other things. Fifth, Browing should celebrate accomplishment making everyone hero. Celebrating accomplishments provides support for staff undergoing change. Just as Casea said, Browining has to convince analysts that collaborative project is additive to their franchise, that it’s not just an extracurricular activity. Financial rewards do encourage people to produce results. But the kind of ownership that really generates energy is not financial. It is emotional. Employees must feel that the rewards offered are attractive. Providing adequate pay, at the same time he could compliment the effort and result whenever he encounters. This will impart a motivating  sense of personal accomplishment and little by little will build commitment to the collaboration. A solid performance management system requires due respect to both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards. So Browing should be skilled at communicating instrumental and expressive messages concurrently. The last suggestion for Browning is to decide or delegate the suitable leader and make him control the team under strong leadership. Just as Casesa indicated, non-hierarchical relationships across divisions among analysts complicated the task since there was also no actual leader when analysts made the third capital-structure report. To maintain this innovation, Browning also has to consider human side of innovation, because even the most technical of innovations requires strong leaders with great relationship and communication skills. The good leader might pull human resource to the collaboration when needed. Just as Haggerty brought an editor in meeting to help them structure the report, the environment which makes analysts easy to collaborate would also promote the positive image of collaboration. Under good and respectful leader, the future collaboration would create more successful capital-structure report. BIBLIOGRAPHY AMBLER, S. (1995) â€Å"USING USE CASES: REDUCE DEVELOPMENT COSTS WITH USE-CASE SCENARIO TESTING,† SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT, 3 (6), JULY. BILOW, S. C. (1995) â€Å"DEFINING AND DEVELOPING USER INTERFACE INTENSIVE APPLICATIONS WITH USE CASES,† REPORT ON OBJECT ANALYSIS AND DESIGN. 1 (5): 28-34. INNOVATION THE CLASSIC TRAPS ,SKILLS LESSONS THE NOT-SO-SECRET INGREDIENT OF HIGH PERFORMANCE, BE A GOOD BOSS LEADERSHIP FOR CHANGE: ENDURING SKILLS FOR CHANGES MATERS, WRITER:ROSABETH MOSS KANTER THE NOT-SO-SECRET INGREDIENT OF HIGH PERFORMANCE, INTRINSIC REWARDS GENERALLY MOTIVATE BEST CORPORATION, CULTURE, AND COMMITMENT: MOTIVATION AND SOCIAL CONTROL IN ORGANIZATIONS, WRITER:CHARLES O’REILLY INNOVATION, WRITER:ROSABETH MOSS KANTER BUILDING AN EFFECTIVE GLOBAL BUSINESS TEAM, CULTIVATING A CULTURE OF TRUST Title :Leadership for Change: Enduring Skills for Changes Maters, Writer:ROSABETH MOSS KANTER, Page:4   See Building an Effective Global Business Team, Cultivating a Culture of Trust, page 69   Title:Innovation, Writer:Rosabeth Moss Kanter, Page:10   Title :Leadership for Change: Enduring Skills for Changes Maters, Writer: ROSABETH MOSS KANTER, Page:3 Title:Corporation, Culture, and Commitment: Motivation and Social Control in Organizations, Page:15, Writer:Charles O’Reilly   Title:Corporation, Culture, and Commitment: Motivation and Social Control in Organizations, Page:15, Writer:Charles O’Reilly   Title :Leadership for Change: Enduring Skills for Changes Maters, Writer:ROSABETH MOSS KANTER, Page:14   See Motivation: The Not-So-Secret Ingredient of High Performance, Intrinsic Rewards Generally Motivate Best, page 5-7   See Innovation The Classic Traps ,Skills Lessons, page 4   See Motivation: The Not-So-Secret Ingredient of High Performance, Be a Good Boss, page 17-18

The Battle of Fort Donelson During the Civil War

The Battle of Fort Donelson During the Civil War The Battle of Fort Donelson was an early battle in the American Civil War (1861-1865). Grants operations against Fort Donelson lasted from February 11-16, 1862. Pushing south into Tennessee with assistance from Flag Officer Andrew Footes gunboats, Union troops under Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grant captured Fort Henry on February 6, 1862. This success opened the Tennessee River to Union shipping. Before moving upstream, Grant began shifting his command east to take Fort Donelson on the Cumberland River. The capture of the fort would be a key victory for the Union and would clear the way to Nashville. The day after the loss of Fort Henry, the Confederate commander in the West, General Albert Sidney Johnston, called a council of war to determine their next step. Strung out along a wide front in Kentucky and Tennessee, Johnston was confronted by Grants 25,000 men at Fort Henry and Major General Don Carlos Buells 45,000-man army at Louisville, KY. Realizing that his position in Kentucky was compromised, he began withdrawing to positions south of the Cumberland River. After discussions with General P.G.T. Beauregard, he reluctantly agreed that Fort Donelson should be reinforced and dispatched 12,000 men to the garrison. At the fort, the command was held by Brigadier General John B. Floyd. Formerly the US Secretary of War, Floyd was wanted in the North for graft. Union Commanders Brigadier General Ulysses S. GrantFlag Officer Andrew H. Foote24,541 men Confederate Commanders Brigadier General John B. FloydBrigadier General Gideon PillowBrigadier General Simon B. Buckner16,171 men The Next Moves At Fort Henry, Grant held a council of war (his last of the Civil War) and resolved to attack Fort Donelson. Traveling over twelve miles of frozen roads, the Union troops moved out on February 12 but were delayed by a Confederate cavalry screen led by Colonel Nathan Bedford Forrest. As Grant marched overland, Foote shifted his four ironclads and three timberclads to Cumberland River. Arriving off Fort Donelson, USS Carondelet approached and tested the forts defenses while Grants troops moved into positions outside the fort. The Noose Tightens The next day, several small probing attacks were launched to determine the strength of the Confederate works. That night, Floyd met with his senior commanders, Brigadier-Generals Gideon Pillow and Simon B. Buckner, to discuss their options. Believing the fort was untenable, they decided that Pillow should lead a breakout attempt the next day and began shifting troops. During this process, one of Pillows aides was killed by a Union sharpshooter. Losing his nerve, Pillow postponed the attack. Irate at Pillows decision, Floyd ordered the attack to commence, however it was too late in the day to begin. While these events were occurring inside the fort, Grant was receiving reinforcement in his lines. With the arrival of troops led by Brigadier General Lew Wallace, Grant placed the division of Brigadier General John McClernand on the right, Brigadier General C.F. Smith on the left, and the new arrivals in the center. Around 3:00 PM, Foote approached the fort with his fleet and opened fire. His attack was met with fierce resistance from Donelsons gunners and Footes gunboats were forced to withdraw with heavy damage. The Confederates Attempt a Breakout The following morning, Grant departed before dawn to meet with Foote. Prior to leaving, he instructed his commanders not to initiate a general engagement but failed to designate a second-in-command. In the fort, Floyd had rescheduled the breakout attempt for that morning. Attacking McClernands men on the Union right, Floyds plan called for Pillows men to open a gap while Buckners division protected their rear. Surging out of their lines, the Confederate troops succeeded in driving back McClernands men and turning their right flank. While not routed, McClernands situation was desperate as his men were running low on ammunition. Finally reinforced by a brigade from Wallaces division, the Union right began to stabilize however confusion reigned as no one Union leader was in command on the field. By 12:30 the Confederate advance was stopped by a strong Union position astride Wynns Ferry Road. Unable to breakthrough, the Confederates withdrew back to a low ridge as they prepared to abandon the fort. Learning of the fighting, Grant raced back to Fort Donelson and arrived around 1:00 PM. Grant Strikes Back Realizing that the Confederates were attempting to escape rather than seeking a battlefield victory, he immediately prepared to launch a counterattack. Though their escape route was open, Pillow ordered his men back to their trenches to re-supply before departing. As this was happening, Floyd lost his nerve and believing that Smith was about to attack the Union left, ordered his entire command back into the fort. Taking advantage of the Confederate indecisiveness, Grant ordered Smith to attack the left, while Wallace moved forward on the right. Storming forward, Smiths men succeeded in gaining a foothold in the Confederate lines while Wallace reclaimed much of the ground lost in the morning. Fighting ended at nightfall and Grant planned to resume the attack in the morning. That night, believing the situation hopeless, Floyd and Pillow turned command over to Buckner and departed the fort by water. They were followed by Forrest and 700 of his men who waded through the shallows to avoid Union troops. On the morning of February 16, Buckner sent Grant a note requesting terms of surrender. Friends before the war, Buckner was hoping to receive generous terms. Grant famously replied: Sir: Yours of this date proposing Armistice, and appointment of Commissioners, to settle terms of Capitulation is just received. No terms except unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted. I propose to move immediately upon your works. This curt response earned Grant the nickname Unconditional Surrender Grant. Though displeased by his friends response, Buckner had no choice but to comply. Later that day, he surrendered the fort and its garrison became the first of three Confederate armies to be captured by Grant during the course of the war. The Aftermath The Battle of Fort Donelson cost Grant 507 killed, 1,976 wounded, and 208 captured/missing. Confederate losses were much higher due to the surrender and numbered 327 killed, 1,127 wounded, and 12,392 captured. The twin victories at Forts Henry Donelson were the first major Union successes of the war and opened Tennessee to Union invasion. In the battle, Grant had captured nearly one-third of Johnstons available forces (more men than all previous US generals combined) and was rewarded with a promotion to major general.

Fire Management Practices

Fire Management Practices Introduction Fire is one of the biggest factors that determine management and development taking place in forests around the world. Evolution of certain forest ecosystems has been associated with frequent fires resulting from either human or natural causes while other ecosystems are impacted negatively by forest fires.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Fire Management Practices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Cases of massive destruction of forests from fire are recorded every year leading to huge economic losses. The losses occur owing to the fact that livelihoods, timber, housing, environmental and other recreational facilities are destroyed . Most of the wildfires occurring in forests nowadays are caused by the wrong use of fire in transforming forests into useful agricultural land, sustaining grazing activities, hunting, preparing land for mineral extraction and establishment of industries among other use s. Land conflicts and negligence such as dropping cigarettes may also be another source of forest fires. Forest fires have been deemed as the single most channel through which great destruction of forests occur but it also serves as an important method of checking the health composition of certain ecosystems. The conventional perspective that fire is destructive and should be fought immediately leads to the view that it is in fact possible for fire to be used as a management tool in some acceptable ecological conditions. Background of Kuwait Oil Wells In February 1938, discoveries were made that the Burgan field in Kuwait was rich in oil. The desert part of Kuwait had been observing unusual black patches but it was not until investigations were done that it was discovered that great wealth lay underground. In 1921, the country was under the leadership of a visionary and resourceful leader in the name of Sheikh Ahmad who was to take the country through the difficult moments (KPC, 200 9). As the 1930s approached, there was a decline in trade and the new ruler together with the people of Kuwait were aware of the prospects of oil mining in other neighboring countries like Saudi Arabia. In 1932, the discovery of oil in Bahrain made Kuwait pregnant with expectations that the surface deposits indicated that there was underground supply of a commodity capable of boosting the economy of the country. In 1934, the ruler of Kuwait signed the Kuwait Oil Concession Agreement intended at increasing the wealth of Kuwait (KPC, 2009).Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Initial drilling of oil started in Bahrain but later recommendations were made to take the process to Burgan. Studies were conducted and drilling in this area was carried out in 1937 and 1938 which led to the discovery of oil. The quantity of oil in this region was high that it gushed out in such a manner that it could not be controlled. There was no adequate mud to block the hole that had been drilled and this necessitated the use of alternative methods to control the situation. In 1946, Sheikh Ahmad steered plans to start exporting oil to other countries. This elevated Kuwait and was ranked among the world famous oil producers. The same year saw the first shipment of oil from Kuwait, something that was highly celebrated. The year 1976 marked the onset of a new era when the oil industry in Kuwait was nationalized. Just as the rest of Arab countries that were producing oil, Kuwait started deliberating with its counterparts in a bid to gain full control over its oil resources. The state continued increasing its share in the biggest oil company in the country until it eventually gained full control. Kuwait signed an agreement with Gulf and British Petroleum according the country complete control over its oil resources (KPC, 2009) Classes of Fires With regard to the pr ocesses involved in putting off fires, they are normally classified into various classes. The different classes of fires are on the basis of the fuel that ignites the fire, a factor that further gives the criteria for choosing the most suitable agent to be used in extinguishing the fire. On the basis of the type of fuel that causes fire, there are four different types of fires. Fires Resulting from Ordinary Combustibles This class of fires is the most prevalent type occurring as a result of heating, ignition and subsequent combustion of organic materials, rubber, plastics and cloth. The fire goes on burning on condition that heat, oxygen, fuel and chemical reactions exist to sustain the process. This class of fire is considered un-harmful as long as it is used in uncontrolled circumstances. For example, a cap fire where the source of heat is a different fire or natural availability of oxygen and a link of the three chemical reactions. Since the fire is only limited to wood and there are no other flammable substances, it is not dangerous.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Fire Management Practices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, if a fire of this type is left to burn in an unrestricted environment, it can be dangerous since it can spread to other flammable substances causing it to be difficult to control. When its control becomes a problem then techniques of firefighting are essential. Containing and putting off fire in this class is relatively easy since it can be extinguished by simply cutting the supply of oxygen, heat, fuel or better still disrupting the chemical reaction that facilitates the process. The most elementary way of eliminating the heat is by spraying water to the burning substances. Oxygen supply to the fire can be removed using a fire extinguisher. Since this type of fire is the most common, it is important for firefighting departments to have equipment for fi ghting it in order to prevent damages (Melbourne University, 2004). Fires Resulting from Gases and Flammable Liquids This class of fires is caused by gases and liquids that are flammable and capable of undergoing combustion. Just like it has been mentioned in the case of class A fires, this class of fires require fuel, oxygen, heat and chemical reactions for burning to take place. The difference in the fuels that cause fires is that fires from this class are caused by liquids that are highly flammable such as gasoline and natural gas. Water should not be used to extinguish this type of fires since this has the impact of scattering the fire and making it possible to spread to other places. The fires in this category are extinguished by use of halon and dry chemical extinguishing agents. These agents make it difficult for the chemical reactions to go on hence depleting the fire (Hassam, 2011). Fires Resulting from Electrical Equipments This class of fires is of electrical natures whic h involve electrical equipment which have the potential of being energized. They occur in the event of short circuiting or when electrical cables become overloaded. These types of fires are very dangerous and cannot be extinguished by use of water since water itself is a good conductor of electricity hence has the potential of making the fire spread fast. These types of fires are extinguished by using extinguishing agents like Carbon dioxide, FM-200 and extinguishers that use dry powder of a chemical nature.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fires Caused By Metals This class of fires is caused by ignition of flammable metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium among others. The above mentioned metals ignite at once after their exposure in the air following a reaction with atmospheric oxygen. Among the metals, sodium is the most flammable and its exposure in the air produces sparks hence the safest way of storing it is dipping it in kerosene. Fire resulting from metals can be dangerous unless measures of control are taken immediately. Just like the electrical fires, using water to extinguish them can worsen the fire hence they require their unique extinguishing agents to put them off (Hassam, 2011). Traditional Methods of Extinguishing Oil Well Fires The first traditional method of fighting fire in oil wells is by spraying water on the fire. This method has one benefit in that it initiates a cooling effect on the burning oil. However, the method is not very effective when it comes to fighting oil well fires. Water and oil are immiscible and this ensures that the oil does not get wet hence the oil being heated is not adequately cooled. The second traditional method used in extinguishing oil well fires is the use of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide does not burn and its density is higher than that of air while it is in the gaseous form so it blankets the fire when sprayed. However, the methods used to deliver the carbon dioxide in oil wells are usually not effective. This is because the fire is in an oil well where pressurized combustible fluid normally facilitates the fire. The best way to extinguish this fire is to initiate a cooling effect in the surroundings and cutting the supply of oxygen till the fire is extinguished (CIAF, 2011). The third traditional method used in extinguishing oil well fires is the use of cold fire. This is a chemical associated with plants and once there is presence of heat, it undergoes endothermic reactions. It also surrounds the source of the fuel to ensure that there is no additional burning. Since oxygen, fuel and heat are the key components that cause fire, cold fire takes care of these three components. The traditional products used extinguish the fire by eliminating oxygen through smothering it in different ways. Some of the traditional methods are messy and usually cause blisters to the skin. For example, the halon extinguisher eliminates oxygen not only for the fire but also in the surroundings posing a danger to human life. The fourth traditional method used in extinguishing oil well fires is digging diverting wells and completely destroying the main well. This is a dangerous procedure since it puts the operators at grave danger and risks losing the well completely. This deprives the country of a gainful natural resource. It is also a risky method since poisonous gases and radiation pose a risk to the people putting off the fire (CIAF, 2011). Modern Methods of Extinguishing Oil Well Fires As a result of the recurrent fires in Kuwait oil w ells, it was discovered that the traditional methods that were being used to fight the fires were not sufficient. This crisis necessitated the adoption of new methods of extinguishing fires. Exploding the wells with Dynamite This method involves the use of a large pipe through a boom erected on a bulldozer to exactly locate where the well is in order to conduct accurate inspection. After doing this, a drum containing dynamite is suspended at the end of the boom to a bulldozer sprayed with water and then positioned well. The burning well is then sprayed with water with the intention of reducing the temperature. The bulldozer which is fitted with a galvanized iron shed and a tiny hole for the driver to peep through is then moved towards the source. Dynamite earlier deposited at the source is exploded followed by detonation of the charge. Explosion of dynamite consumes all the available oxygen hence putting off the fires. This method of extinguishing oil well fires is similar to the tr aditional method of cold fire which also eliminates oxygen hence putting off the fire (Husain, 1995). Raising the Plume Raising the plume is another modern method used to extinguish fire in oil wells in Kuwait. This method involves using a metal casing of between 30 and 40 feet high which is erected above the blown head making the flame to rise above the ground. This is followed by a constant pumping of water or liquid nitrogen in the casing hence depleting the fire of oxygen supply. The result of this process is the putting off the fire completely. In some cases, wet jet was used to replace the liquid nitrogen. Directing Water Jets on Water Heads This is another modern method used to extinguish oil well fires by directing water stream jet towards the source from a safe distance. Various methods are used prominently among them being the big wind method used in Hungary which extinguished the fire within 30-40 seconds. The other conventional methods took a bit longer in jetting the wa ter to extinguish the fire with temperatures ranging 300 to 400 degrees piling up in the area around the wells. Accomplishing New Oil Well Extinguishing Methods and their Impact The new methods of extinguishing oil well fires were accomplished through various ways. For instance, use of dynamite was accomplished by heaping dynamite at the source of the wells then blowing it off. This had the impact of depleting all the available oxygen hence extinguishing the fire. Raising the plume had the effect of elevating the flames high above the ground such that the flames could not destroy the wells. In accomplishing these new methods, specialists and people with expertise in the fields were used to ensure to ensure the effectiveness of the methods. Finances were also mobilized to meet the high costs involved in the shift from traditional methods into these modern methods (Husain, 1995). The new methods had a great impact on traditional methods of fire management. Some of the traditional meth ods that were in place had been described as being ineffective in extinguishing oil well fires. This problem was solved by the new methods. The new methods also eliminated the risks such as contact with poisonous materials associated with traditional fire fighting methods. Environmental Influence of Gulf War and Oil Fire The gulf war and oil fire led to numerous environmental influences in the affected areas. There was no clean up in the entire area affected by the oil fires hence sediments of oil remained long after the oil fires had been stopped. Another influence on the environment is that the salt marshes are still present in areas that were affected by the oil fires. The mangroves and the rocky shores are the only features that have recovered from the aftermath of the oil fires (CIAF, 2011). One of the human influences of the gulf war and the oil fires is the air pollution caused. The black smoke from burning oil fuels obscured the sun causing people not to see well. This smoke carries with itself dangerous air pollutants that are harmful to human beings. The gulf war and oil fires also had a human influence of making difficult the living conditions of many people. This is because oil is an important economic commodity for Kuwait and its destruction had significant economic implications. The war also led to deterioration of the countries’ economy making the lives of the people difficult. Conclusion Fires can be detrimental in that they cause great losses both to individuals and countries. Whether they are oil well fires or other forms of fires, it is crucial to come up with and implement excellent ways of fire management to avert the losses caused. Quick responses in cases of fire outbreaks should be implemented to ensure that whenever fires break they do not spread so easily to other places. Oil wells should also be designed in such a way that it is not easy for them to catch fire. The design should also be in such a way that the wells can be acce ssed easily once there are fire outbreaks. Governments should also come up with policies that restrict some of the practices that may lead to fires. Implementing these strategies will ensure that fires that often have negative implications are reduced. Reference List CIAF. (2011). Fundamentals of Fire Fighter Skills. New York: Jones Bartlett Publishers. Hassam. (2011). Classes Of Fire. Web. Husain, T. (1995). Kuwaiti oil fires: regional environmental perspectives. London: Elisivier. KPC. (2009). Kuwait Oil History. Web. MelbourneUniversity. (2004). Classes of Fires. Web. NHM. (2011). Forest Fires. Web.